Secondary School OLevel Geography Notes Form 1 2 3 4 – Tanzania
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What is Geography?
Geography is a compulsory subject for Form I-IV students in the General Education pathway who choose to join the Social Sciences stream. It is also an elective subject to students on other streams. The purpose of learning Geography is to enable students develop knowledge and skills of structure of the earth and earth systems, major features of the earth surface and the relationship between relief, climate and natural vegetation.
The subject also incorporates the techniques of map and photograph interpretation as
well as the basic techniques in land surveying. Further, studying Geography subject enable students to comprehend the relationship between geography, human settlement, economic activities and environmental health.
It also serves as a bridge to enable learners to appreciate their culture, understand different and diverse cultures and societies so as to enable them to relate well with people nationally and internationally.
The Geography syllabus is designed to guide the teaching and learning of Geography for Ordinary Secondary Education Form I-IV in the United Republic of Tanzania. The syllabus interprets the competences indicated in the 2023 Ordinary Secondary Education
Curriculum.
It provides information that will enable teacher to plan his or her teaching process effectively. It also provides teaching and learning opportunities that help the teacher to apply different methods and strategies in guiding students to perform various activities that lead to meaningful learning. Thus, in order to implement effectively this syllabus, the teacher should attentively read and understand its requirements.
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYNG GEOGRAPHY
When most people hear the term geography, they immediately begin to think of maps, but it is so much more than that. To understand why studying geography is relevant, you must first understand what it means.
Geography is the study of places, landscapes, environments, and people, and how they have affected each other over time to become what it is today. It combines natural sciences (physical geography) and social sciences (human geography) in a way no other field of science does.
Geography is the study of the Earth and its features, inhabitants, and phenomena. It examines the distribution and interactions between humans and their environments across different scales.
Geography has two main branches – physical geography which focuses on natural environments and processes, and human geography which examines human-environment interactions and how humans impact places.
Environmental geography combines both approaches to understand changing relationships between humans and the environment.
Geography uses various methods like fieldwork, mapping, and analysis to investigate complex relationships and issues across different regions of the planet.
Secondary School OLevel Geography Notes Form 1 2 3 4 – Tanzania
Benefits of Studying Geography
1. To learn and understand how the world’s basic physical systems work and affect our everyday life. For example, the role the sun plays in providing heat and life on earth and how wind and ocean currents affect the weather. This not only helps us to better predict and prepare for severe weather, but also how we can use the earth’s resources for our benefit.
2. To learn about other cultures, where they live, and how their location and climate affects their lifestyle. This can help us understand their differences as well as the similarities we all share.
3. To learn more about the geography of a different era and the role it played in people’s lives, environments and ideas. Geography plays a major role in our history and has helped mold the world we live in today.
4. To learn all the different places on earth as well as their cultural and physical characteristics in order to be more productive and effective in a world that has become interdependent. Considering how global our market economies have become, it’s important to know more about countries and their locations to better understand the effect they have on the market.
5. To have a better understanding of society and why we live in the places we do. How has urbanization changed the world and its societies? Why did certain areas flourish while others didn’t? Geography helps us understand why certain locations are ideal for living and why others are not.
6. To better understand why and how global interdependence has grown. Technological breakthroughs in transportation have not only made this world smaller, but have also created societies that depend on external resources. Some areas are ideal for agriculture, while other areas are rich in natural resources such as metals. You need metal from one place to build the machines that work the land in another.
7. To have a better appreciation of Earth as our home and have a better understanding of its limitations. Knowing how much resources are available can help us be more responsible in the way we manage and treat our home.
